Gingivitis is an early and reversible stage of gum disease that affects the gingiva, which is the gum tissue surrounding the teeth. It is primarily caused by the accumulation of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth due to inadequate oral hygiene practices. When plaque is not regularly removed through brushing and flossing, it can release toxins that irritate and inflame the gums. Common symptoms of gingivitis include red, swollen, and tender gums that may bleed easily, especially during brushing or flossing. Bad breath and a slight recession of the gum line can also occur. Fortunately, gingivitis can be treated and reversed with proper dental care. Dentists can perform professional cleanings to remove plaque and tartar, and individuals can improve their oral hygiene routine to prevent further progression.
